作　者：周荣
关键词：李维桢集序；《诗经》构件；明代诗学；应酬语境；文体学
摘　要：

李维桢集序文本中反复出现聚集《诗经》相关知识且遵循相对稳定表述程式的文字单元，可称之为“《诗经》构件”。李氏以《诗经》为本经的科考经历和学术兴趣，使其对《诗经》知识极为熟稔，并成为其在应酬语境下快速高效地撰构出合格集序的重要保障。《诗经》知识作为一种标准化书写装置被李氏植入集序的文本构造中，位于篇章首、中、尾的一处或多处，又与其他构件组合勾连，发挥入题、展开、转折、收结、呼应等作用，极大影响着序文撰构模式和行文策略。李氏常借助各类《诗经》构件完成诗学思想的建构，主要体现在复古诗学、性情诗论和楚地文学等方面。但构件的程式化组装和集序的批量化生产，又消解着其文学论评的严肃性与真实性，故应审慎辩证对待其序文所蕴含的文学观念或作品评断。这一个案提醒我们，在研究近世诗文时，应关注古人文章写作的知识要素和模件化叙述，不忽视交际应酬的文化语境，注意文献材料的生成背景与适用限度。

 

Shijing Modules and Occasional Writing in Li Weizhen's Prefaces to Collected Works
Zhou Rong（Wuhan University）
Abstract Li Weizhen's prefaces to collected works frequently contain discrete textual units that repeatedly invoke knowledge related to the Shijing (《诗经》, The Book of Poetry) and follow relatively stable formulaic patterns, which can be defined as "Shijing modules". Li's experience in imperial examination, for which the Shijing served as a foundational canonical texts, coupled with his scholarly interests in it, endowed him with a profound command of it, enabling him to efficiently produce competent prefaces upon request on social occasions. Li incorporated his knowledge of Shijing as a standardized writing device into the textual fabric of his prefaces, with such modules appearing at the beginning, middle, or end of a piece, or across multiple structural positions. Interwoven with other modules, these elements serve to introduce topics, elaborate arguments, facilitate transitions, wrap up discourses, and form rhetorical resonances, thereby significantly shaping the prefaces' compositional patterns and discursive strategies. Li frequently employs various Shijing modules to formulate and consolidate his core poetic and literary thoughts, primarily embodied his archaist poetics, the theory of poetry as the expression of xingqing (性情 , nature and emotion), and his interpretation of Chu-region literature. Nevertheless, the formulaic assembly of these textual modules and the prolific, routinized production of his prefaces undermined the rigor and authenticity of his literary critiques. Accordingly, the literary observations or critical judgments presented in his prefaces should be treated cautiously and dialectically. This case study suggests that scholarly inquiries into late imperial poetry and prose must attend to the knowledge systems and the modular compositional mechanisms underlying literati writing, contextualize works within the cultural milieu of social exchange, and acknowledge the formative backgrounds and applica_ ble boundaries of documentary materials, rather than overlooking such critical dimensions.
Key words Li Weizhen's prefaces to collected works; Shijing modules; Ming dynasty poetics; social context; stylistics

 

■ 作者简介 周荣，武汉大学文学院弘毅博士后，湖北 武汉 430072。

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