作　者：王竹泉 孙文君
关键词：异质性资源投入结构；企业竞争优势；智力资源；社会资源
摘　要：

企业如何塑造竞争优势，既是关乎企业生存和发展的关键问题，也是战略管理理论研究的核心话题。基于资源基础理论，探析异质性资源投入结构对企业竞争优势的影响，研究发现：异质性资源投入结构对企业竞争优势具有显著影响，即企业资源投入结构中新兴资源的相对比例越高，企业竞争优势越突出。进一步研究则可发现：异质性资源投入结构能够通过降低边际成本、提高增值能力进而提升企业竞争优势，且异质性资源投入结构对企业竞争优势的提升作用在中小企业、轻资产运营企业和多元化经营企业中更为明显。优化异质性资源的投入与配置结构，是培育企业新质生产力与核心竞争力的重要抓手，企业应突破传统的物质资源投入思维，适当提高智力资源与社会资源等新兴资源投入的相对比例，通过优化资源投入结构培育差异化竞争优势。

 

Heterogeneous Resource Investment Structure and Enterprises' Competitive Advantage
Wang Zhuquan，Sun Wenjun（Ocean University of China）
Abstract How enterprises build competitive advantage constitutes a vital issue for their survival and development, as well as a core theme in strategic management research. Based on the resource-based view, this paper investigates the impact of heterogeneous resource investment structure on enterprises' competitive advantage. The findings indicate that heterogeneous resource investment structure significantly influences enterprise competitive advantage; the higher the relative share of emerging resources within an enterprise's over_ all resource investment portfolio, the stronger its competitive advantage. Further analysis suggests that heterogeneous resource investment structures boost competitive advantage by lowering marginal costs and improving value-adding capabilities, and that this improvement effect proves more salient in small and medium- sized enterprises, asset-light enterprises, and diversified enterprises. Optimizing the input and allocation structure of heterogeneous resources serves as an important tool to cultivate enterprises' new quality productivity and core competitiveness. Enterprises should move past the conventional mindset of physical resource investment, and properly increase the relative proportion of emerging resource input such as intellectual resources and social resources, so as to cultivate differentiated competitive advantages through structural optimization of resource input.
Key words heterogeneous resource investment structure; enterprises' competitive advantage; intellectual resources; social resources

 

■ 作者简介 王竹泉，中国海洋大学管理学院教授，山东 青岛 266100；孙文君（通讯作者），中国海洋大学管理学院博士后。

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