作　者：王路
关键词：Dasein；是；（如）此是；存在
摘　要：

德国哲学文献中有三个词：Sein、Existenz和Dasein，中文通常将它们分别译为“存在”（“有”）、“实存”（“存在”“生存”）和“此在”（“定在”）。从字面上看，Sein和Existenz是两个完全不同的词，但译为“存在”和“实存”却不易区分，从而给相关讨论带来问题。这样的问题在中译著作中一直存在，因而在我国哲学的讨论中也始终存在。考察康德和黑格尔的相关论述可以发现，应该将Sein译为“是”，在系词的意义上理解Sein；由于Dasein是与Sein相关的组合词，所以应当联系系词来理解和翻译Dasein，比如译为“（如）此是”。总之，Sein的系词意义不容质疑：康德和黑格尔都是这样说的，他们在相关讨论中也显示出这样的认识。因循这样的理解，我们的哲学研究会获得新的认识。

 

On the Use and Understanding of Dasein
Wang Lu
（Tsinghua University）
Abstract There are three terms in German philosophical literature: Sein, Existenz and Dasein. In Chinese, they are commonly translated as ''存在( cúnzài, often meaning 'existence' )'' or ''有( yǒu, often meaning 'there is' or 'to have' )'', ''实存( shícún, often meaning 'actual existence' or 'subsistence' )'' or ''存在( cúnzài )'' / ''生存( shēngcún, 'subsist' )'' and ''此在( cǐzài, 'there-being' or 'being-there' )'' or ''定在( dìngzài, 'determinate being' )'', respectively. Literally, Sein and Existenz are completely different words, but their Chinese translations "cunzai" and "shicun" are indistinct, which brings problems to relevant understanding and discussions. Such problems have persisted in Chinese translation of philosophical works and thus in philosophical discussions in China. Taking relevant discussions by Kant and Hegel as examples, it can be found that Sein should be translated as ''shi'' ( meaning ''is'' ) and understood in the sense of copula. Since Dasein is a compound word related to Sein, it should be understood and translated in connection with the copula, such as ''（如）此是[ ( rú )cǐshì, meaning 'there-is' or '( the such ) is' ]''. In short, the sense of copula in Sein is unquestionable: both Kant and Hegel explicitly acknowledge this in their works and their relevant discussions, reflecting this understanding. Following the understanding of the sense of copula, our philosophical research will gain new insights.
Key words Dasein; shì(是); (rú) cǐ shì[（如）此是]; existence

 

■ 作者简介 王路，清华大学人文学院教授，北京 100084。

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