作　者：孙新华
关键词：社区型农业；非社区型农业；农业现代化；小农户；新型农业经营主体；人口结构；农业经营规模；中国式现代化
摘　要：

我国的农业现代化不仅具有经济属性，而且具有社区属性。在经济视角的基础上融入社区视角，有利于深化对中国式农业现代化的理解。从社区视角来看，我国走出了一条不同于西方的社区型农业现代化道路。该道路具有农业经营主体的社区内生性、农业经营规模的社区多样性、农业经营决策的社区主体性等特征，因而更加有利于农业现代化和农村现代化的协同推进。我国社区型农业之所以能够得以延续和发展，主要取决于我国农村社区独特的关系结构、人口结构和制度结构。农村社区的关系结构和人口结构直接塑造了我国的农业经营主体和农业经营规模，而农民和社区之所以能够选择适合自己的农业经营模式，根本上是由党和政府在农村搭建的制度结构决定的。在乡村振兴进程中，只有继续坚持和发展社区型农业，我国的农业农村现代化道路才能更加行稳致远。

 

Community-based Agriculture and Chinese Agricultural Modernization

Sun Xinhua（Anhui University）

Abstract China's agricultural modernization has not only economic attributes, but also community attributes. Incorporating a community perspective into the economic perspective helps deepen the understanding of Chinese agricultural modernization. From a community perspective, China has embarked on a community-based path to agricultural modernization distinct from that of western countries. The path is characterized by the community endogeneity of agricultural operators, community diversity of agricultural operation scales, and community subjectivity of agricultural management decisions, thus better facilitating the coordinated advancement of agricultural modernization and rural modernization. The continuity and development of China's community-based agriculture are mainly determined by the unique relational, demographic and institutional structure of China's rural communities. The relational and demographic structure of rural communities directly shape China's agricultural operators and the scale of agricultural operations, and farmers and communities being able to choose appropriate agricultural management modes is fundamentally determined by the rural institutional structure established by the Party and the government. In the process of rural revitalization, only by continuing to uphold and develop community-oriented agriculture can China's path of agricultural and rural modernization road remain stable and enduring.

Key words community-based agriculture; non-community-based agriculture; agricultural modernization; smallholder farmers; new types of agricultural operating entities; population structure; agricultural operation scale; Chinese modernization

 

■作者简介  孙新华，安徽大学社会与政治学院教授，安徽 合肥 230039。

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