作　者：徐斌
关键词：鱼行；市场网络；水域社会；同业公会；湖北省
摘　要：

渔民常常被排除在陆地社会之外，形成自成体系的水上社会，又因为鱼货需要尽快售卖，而不得不与陆地社会发生联系。由于人们食用鲜鱼的习惯，并受制于保鲜等技术手段，使得晚清民国时期水产品的销售具有在地性，一方面导致市场层级呈现出基层鱼市、中级鱼市与中心鱼市三级市场的层级结构，另一方面又促使渔民与鱼行、鱼客间结成了紧密的联系，发展出熟人式的伦理关系，成为渔民与陆地社会联系的节点。国民政府在抗战胜利后，试图建立起由政府主导商人参与的鱼市场，将国家权力介入经济流通领域，但招致鱼行、鱼客的抵制并最终搁浅。这种市场与政府权力二者间的博弈与消长长期存续，成为理解现代中国历史发展的一条重要线索。

 

Fish Shops, Fish Customers and Market Networks in Hubei Province during the Late Qing Dynasty

And the Republic of China

Xu Bin（Shenzhen University）

Abstract Though fishermen were frequently excluded from land-based society, forming a self-contained water-based community, they had no alternative but to interact with it since their fish cargo required immediate sale. Due to people's preference for fresh fish and the constraints of fresh-keeping and other technologies, the sales of aquatic products during the late Qing and Republican periods were localized. On the one hand, this resulted in a three-tier market structure consisting of grassroots fish markets, intermediate fish markets and central fish markets; on the other hand, it also fostered close connections between fishermen, fish shops and fish dealers, developing acquaintance-based ethical relationships that became the nodes connecting fishermen with land-based society. After the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Nationalist Government attempted to establish a government-led fish market with the participation of merchants, and to intervene state power in the field of economic circulation. However, this move was met with resistance from fish shops, fish dealers and ultimately ran aground. The game and ebb and flow between the market and government power run through the entire process of China's modernization, becoming an important clue for understanding the historical development of modern China.

Key words  fish shops; market network; water-based society; trade associations; Hubei province

■作者简介  徐 斌，深圳大学人文学院教授，广东 深圳 518061。

 

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