作　者：陈伟
关键词：里耶秦简；苍梧郡；洞庭郡；长沙县
摘　要：

出土简牍所见的秦洞庭、苍梧二郡，大致分别相当于史籍中的黔中郡和长沙郡。近期刊布的里耶秦简中编号为7-1、7-12 的两枚木牍，包含有这两个郡初创之时的重要信息。在里耶秦简7-1  中，长沙县属于洞庭郡，并且可能是郡治所在的县。而在里耶秦简7-12 中，长沙县和新武陵县分别是洞庭郡内两个地区的中心。由此推断，大约在秦始皇二十五年十一月或稍早，建有洞庭郡，长沙县为郡治。其后，继续向南用兵。约在二十六年十月或稍迟，将以长沙为中心的地区从洞庭郡中分割出来，连同南方新开拓之地，设置苍梧郡。

 

New Evidence on the Initial Establishment of the Qin Dynasty's Dongting and Cangwu Commanderies

Chen We（i Wuhan University）

Abstract The Dongting and Cangwu commanderies as seen in the unearthed Jiandu (bamboo slips and wooden tablets) documents roughly correspond to the Qianzhong and Changsha commanderies recorded in historical texts. Among the recently published Liye Qin slips and tablets (Qin dynasty administrative records), two tablets numbered 7-1 and 7-12, reveal valuable information regarding the initial establishment of these two commanderies. Tablet No. 7-1 confirms that Changsha county fell under Dongting commandery's jurisdiction and likely served as the seat of the commandery, while tablet No. 7-12 noted Changsha county and Xin Wuling county as two regional centers within the Dongting commandery. Based on this evidence, it can be inferred that Dongting commandery was established around the 11th month of the 25th year (222 BCE) of Qin Shi Huang's reign or slightly earlier, with Changsha county serving as the commandery seat. Military campaigns continued southward, incorporating more territories. Subsequently, around the 10th month of the 26th year (221 BCE) or slightly later, the area centered around Changsha was separated from Dongting commandery, along with the newly conquered territories in the south and was designated as Cangwu commandery.

Key words  Liye Qin slips and tablets; Cangwu commandery; Dongting commandery; Changsha county

 

■作者简介 陈 伟，武汉大学人文社会科学资深教授、武汉大学简帛研究中心（“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”协同攻关创新平台）教授，湖北 武汉 430072。

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