作　者：胡怀国 刘乃毓
关键词：数据要素；新质生产力；生产要素；生产力；现代化产业体系
摘　要：

数据要素赋能新质生产力的历史逻辑表明，在工场手工业和大工业的两次生产力变革之后，数据要素以数智化的“工具机”为物质载体，推动了现代化产业中生产力的第三次重大变革，实现了从传统生产力向新质生产力的跨越。在理论逻辑层面，通过构建“量变—质变”“局部—整体”的双重赋能分析框架，阐明了数据要素赋能新质生产力的内在机制：一是培育新型劳动者、催生新型劳动资料、创造新型劳动对象，促进新质生产力的量变积累；二是通过发展分工，变革生产方式，推动新质生产力从局部形成到整体跃升。最终在实践进路层面做到如下四点：一是建立数据要素赋能与人的全面发展相统一的劳动者培育体系，为发展新质生产力筑牢数字人才根基；二是构建分层协同的数据基础设施体系，为发展新质生产力夯实物质技术基础；三是完善支撑全国一体化数据市场的基础制度，形成与新质生产力相适应的新型生产关系；四是构建实数融合的现代化产业体系，为发展新质生产力提供实践载体。 

 

Data Elements Empowering New Quality Productive Forces: Historical & Theoretical Logic and Practical Approach

Hu Huaiguo（Chinese Academy of Social Sciences）

Liu Naiyu（University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences）

Abstract The historical logic of data elements empowering new quality productive forces demonstrates that following the two productivity transformations of handicraft workshops and large-scale industry, data elements, with digital-intelligent "tool machines" as their material vehicle, have driven the third major transformation of productive forces in modern industries, achieving the leap from traditional productive forces to new quality productive forces. At the theoretical level, by constructing a dual analytic framework of "quantitative change to qualitative change" and "partial to overall", the internal mechanism through which data elements empower new quality productive forces is elucidated: Firstly, they facilitate quantitative accumulation of new quality productive forces by cultivating new types of laborers, generating new types of labor materials, and creating new types of labor objects; Secondly, they drive new quality productive forces from partial formation to overall leap through the development of the division of labor and the transformation of production modes. Ultimately, at the practical level, four key approaches are proposed: Firstly, a laborer cultivation system that unifies data elements empowerment with the all-round development of individuals is to be established, laying a foundation of digital talent for developing new quality productive forces; Secondly, a tiered yet coordinated data infrastructure system is to be built to solidify the material and technological foundation for developing new quality productive forces; Thirdly, the fundamental institutions that support a nationally integrated data market are to be optimized, forming new production relations compatible with new quality productive forces; Fourthly, a modern industrial system that integrates data with the real economy is to be constructed, providing a practical vehicle for developing new quality productive forces.

Key words data elements; new quality productive forces; production elements; productive forces; modernized industrial system

 

■作者简介  胡怀国，中国社会科学院经济研究所研究员，北京 100836；

刘乃毓（通讯作者），中国社会科学院大学经济学院博士研究生，北京 102488。

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