作　者：桑明旭
关键词：新质生产力；资本创新逻辑；中国式现代化；马克思生产力理论
摘　要：

在新时代新征程上推进中国式现代化行稳致远，需要因地制宜发展新质生产力为之注入内在动力，同时也需要马克思的生产力理论为其提供理论指导。马克思的生产力理论不仅关涉人类社会发展的一般原则，而且具体化地深入到现代社会的历史实践之中。在马克思看来，现代社会生产力发展的主导因素是资本创新，为了榨取利润、缓解危机，资本会不断创造新技术、新管理、新消费、新产业、新空间、新文化，进而推动生产力发展。从马克思到当代，全球生产力发展取得了质的飞跃，贯穿其中的中心线索依然是资本的创新逻辑。当今时代，面对社会需求结构调整带来的诸多新利润领域以及传统危机修复方式达至实体性生产资源极限，资本以主体性退缩为条件开启了一次前所未有的创新，推动全球生产力发展实现从资源主导到创新主导的重大转变。基于马克思资本创新逻辑批判视域，当代中国  应“因地制宜”地发展新质生产力，既要立足国内不同地区的具体实际，也要着眼中国生产力发展与全球生产力发展的共同性和差异性；既要充分激活资本的“文明面”，也要在“与狼共舞”中防止资本的另类牵引。在“两个大局”交织激荡的时代背景下，资本创新、资本主体性衰退、新质生产力发展以及人类社会向真正的共同体迈进，在本质上走的是同一条道路。

 

The Critique of Capital Innovation Logic and the Development Of New Quality Productive Forces ''in Light of Actual Conditions''

Sang Mingxu（Suzhou University）

Abstract  To steadily and sustainably advance Chinese modernization on the new journey in New Era, it is necessary to develop new quality productive forces tailored to local conditions, thereby injecting internal momentum while also drawing theoretical guidance from Marx's theory of productive forces. Marx's productivity theory not only addresses the general principles governing human social development, but also delves concretely into the historical practice of modern society. In Marx's view, the dominant factor driving productivity development in modern society is capital innovation; to maximize profits and alleviate crises, capital will constantly create new technologies, management models, consumption patterns, industries, space configurations, and cultural forms, thereby propelling productivity forward. From Marx's day to contemporary times, the development of global productive forces has achieved qualitative leaps, with capital's innovative logic remaining the central thread throughout. Today, confronted with new profit opportunities brought about by the structural adjustments in social demand, and with traditional crisis-mitigation methods reaching the limit of physical production resources, capital has initiated an unprecedented wave of innovation by retreating from its dominant role, which has driven a major shift in global productivity development from resource-driven to innovation-driven growth. Based on the critical perspective of Marx's capital innovation logic, the development of new quality productive forces ''in light of actual conditions'' in contemporary China, should not only be based on the specific realities of different regions, but also focus on the commonalities and differences between China's productivity development and global trend; it necessitates fully harnessing the ''civilized'' aspects of capital while guarding against its perverse influences in the ''dance with the wolf''. Amid immense changes in the intertwined ''domestic and international landscapes'', the innovation of capital, the retreat of capital's subjectivity, the development of new-quality productive forces, and the progress of human society to‐ ward a genuine community, in essence, aligned along the same path.

Key words new quality productive forces; the logic of capital innovation; Chinese path to modernization; Marx's theory of productive forces

 

■    作者简介  桑明旭，江苏省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心特约研究员，苏州大学哲学系教授，江苏 苏州 215123。

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