作　者：袁年兴 周藤岭
关键词：马克思主义民族史观；全球民族历史；历史唯物主义
摘　要：

马克思主义民族史观立足于历史唯物主义的理论基础，通过对启蒙理性主义的哲学清算以及对浪漫主义民族叙事的解构，解构了欧洲中心论的历史叙事及其线性史观的理论支撑，在全球化时代显现出批判潜能。在二战后的去殖民化运动中，马克思主义民族史观进一步演化为印度庶民学派的底层历史叙事、非洲反殖民史学以及拉美地区基于社会结构视角的阶级分析，共同构成了超越西方知识霸权的理论谱系。中国史学则通过对马克思主义民族理论的本土化调适，建立起“以人民为中心”的历史阐释体系，在“多元一体”的辩证逻辑中重塑了统一多民族国家的历史叙事模式。马克思主义民族史观蕴含的批判性与建构性双重维度，既能为纠正文化霸权导致的认知偏差提供分析工具，也可为建立多元主体参与的历史阐释体系奠定理论基础，最终使民族历史的书写真正成为促进全球文明互鉴的知识实践。

 

The Marxist Ethno-historical Perspective and the Deconstruction And Reconstruction of Global Historical Narratives on Nations

A Study Based on Theories and Practices from the 19th to the 21st Century

 

Yuan Nianxing，Zhou Tengling（Wuhan University of Science and Technology）

Abstract The Marxist ethno-historical perspective, grounded in the theoretical foundations of historical materialism, has deconstructed the theoretical underpinnings of Eurocentric historical narratives and their underlying linear view of history through a philosophical critique of Enlightenment rationalism and a dismantling of romanticized national narratives, thereby revealing its critical potential in the era of globalization. During the post-war decolonization movements, the Marxist ethno-historical perspective further evolved into the subaltern historical narratives as seen in the Indian Subaltern Studies group, African anti-colonial historiography, and class analyses based on social structures in Latin America. Together, these constitute a theoretical genealogy that transcends Western intellectual hegemony. Chinese historiography, after adapting Marxist ethnic theory to the Chinese context, has established a "people-centered" historical interpretation framework, and reshaped the historical narrative model of a unified multiethnic country within the dialectical logic of "plurality and integration". The dual dimensions of critique and constructivism inherent in the Marxist ethno- historical perspective not only provide analytical tools for correcting cognitive biases resulting from cultural hegemony, but also lay a theoretical foundation for establishing a historical interpretation system involving multiple participants, ultimately ensuring that ethnic historical narratives truly become an intellectual practice that promotes mutual learning among civilizations.

Key words  Marxist ethno-historical perspective; global ethnic history; historical materialism

 

■    作者简介 袁年兴，武汉科技大学法学与经济学院教授，武汉科技大学国家民委中华民族共同体研究基地首席专家，湖北 武汉 430081；

周藤岭，武汉科技大学国家民委中华民族共同体研究基地助理研究员。

[PDF]（下载数：）